Air pollution essays, American history essays
essay on air pollution
NIMBY is not only a problem of perceived risk, but also of conceived risk. The citizen has a very different conception of risk than does the regulator. Some indication of this difference can be found in the literature on public understanding of air pollution. While citizens defined air pollution largely in terms of its effects (e.g., odor, haze and other visual characteristics, sore throats, breathing problems, and other health effects), experts looked to the chemical composition and technical causes of the pollution. This difference in definition of the problem makes it likely that the citizen and the regulator/expert will talk past each other.
air pollution essay
Many of the direct and secondary impacts potentially associated with a hazardous facility can be anticipated; they serve as further grounds for rational opposition. These generally correspond to the impacts earlier noted for actual toxic exposure. Citizens assume that if an impact is possible, it will occur. Experts employ the opposite assumption. They expect that facility designs will work as planned and therefore problems are unlikely to develop. Yet citizen advocacy based on a worst-case analysis is vital because attempts to mitigate the effects will not be undertaken if they are not raised forcefully.
air pollution essays
A popular analogy for the pollution of our planet has been the "tragedy of the commons," whereby what all hold in common is destroyed by the private pursuit of self-interest. But not only is the commons affected; the private property of others is often affected too. While we generally look to government to protect the public commons, the "owners" are most often responsible for protecting their private domain. NIMBY commonly involves the clash of this individual responsibility with government actions on behalf of the common good. When facilities are sited for concentrating wastes (the term "disposal" is actually inaccurate), there is a different twist in the tragedy-of-thecommons theme.
research paper for air pollution
…Examples of adaptation include the Love Canal resident who reacted to being told that the house smelled just like the chemical plants by commenting, "We got so used to living in the house, so the odor could have been there all the time". Similarly, Evans and Jacobs found that the reaction of new residents to air pollution corresponded to what they had grown accustomed to in their previous location. Such individual accommodations of stress have parallels in relational groups, institutions, and communities as well. However, while they assist in coping with stress, accommodations do not necessarily reduce the perceived severity of environmental problems.
essay on america history
Though a "conservative" faction of the Conservative party remained in constant opposition to Anastasio Somoza García, successive offshoots of that same party served as his electoral accomplices as often as was necessary. And despite the party's opposition, the overall antioligarchic thrust of Conservative efforts was scarce or nonexistent. The party was indeed anti-Somoza, but progressive reforms--a democratic order, the end of landed estates, the sociopolitical integration of the nation--were not on their agenda. They attempted to solve Nicaragua's portion of the regional political crisis within the state itself, under the aegis of " Somoza I".
essay on aristotle's political theory
When Aristotle wrote the history of the Athenian constitution as an integral part of this undertaking, two different courses were open to him. He could either insert his positive and negative evaluations of the political institutions and actions into the history itself, whenever an occasion presented itself, or merely give an account of the historical facts, reserving the critical discussion of these facts for his systematic and theoretical work. It is clear that, for the most part, he followed the second course. Yet value judgments are not altogether absent from his historical treatise.
essay on arranged marriages in India
Perhaps the wildest gamble one could make in life would be to marry a stranger, but in India the risk is habitually taken --and the results compare favorably with those achieved in the west. Most Hindu and Mohammedan marriages in India are family arrangements in which bride and groom play but two of many parts. It is still true that most Hindus marry girls whom they have never seen before, although the 'progressive' youth more and more frequently insists that he should meet her first. To all exclamations on the process, the orthodox Hindu will smugly quot the cliché: 'We marry and love, you love and marry.' Marriage, to the Hindu, is a social obligation, a religious necessity.
essay on astrology
Webster and other dramatists in this regard are utilizing the department of astrology known as interrogations--hence Bosola's query "how falls your question?" By means of this branch of the science, the astrologer could observe the configuration of the stars at the moment one asks him a question and thereby answer virtually any question imaginable: whether one absent be dead or alive, whether an unborn child shall be male or female, whether a man shall marry, whether a damsel be virtuous or a wife be with child, whether a voyage shall be successful, whether property lost shall be found, and so on.
essay on aushwitz
The American Knights are led by J. Peter Grace (who once called food stamps "basically a Puerto Rican program"), chairman of the multinational W.R. Grace & Company and the American Institute for Free Labor Development (AIFLD) and appointed by Reagan to head the Private Sector Survey of Cost Control in the Federal Government. Peter Grace assisted the U.S. "Project Paperclip," which brought some 900 Nazi scientists to the United States, including war criminal Otto Ambros, a chemist, poison gas expert and director of the I.G. Farben Company which used Aushwitz concentration camp inmates as slave labor for the Nazi war machine.
essay on billy budd
Five months before he died Melville completed a short novel to which he gave the tentative title "Billy Budd, Foretopman." The manuscript was not ready to be published, for there are many cancellations and variant readings in it. But the draft must have been near to his final intention because he concluded it with "End of Book. April 19th, 1891." Possibly he had undertaken the story because there had recently been in the journals a revival of interest in a famous case of alleged mutiny on an American naval vessel, the so-called Somers affair of 1842, in which Melville's cousin Lieutenant Guert Gansevoort played an accusatory role somewhat like Claggart's in "Billy Budd."