affirmative action research papers
In spite of our eagerness to move toward eliminating inequities, or perhaps because of it, there has still been some basis for individual concern that the affirmative action concept is in fact operating to deny opportunity to persons on the sole grounds of their race and sex. It is even possible that some university administrators cultivate this overreaction to create divisiveness and hence impotence in their faculties, while using their faculties' so-called intransigence to excuse their own failures to the government and to the groups which they continue to exclude.
free research papers on affirmative action in education
The problems arising from affirmative action are real ones, for men and women, black and white, faculty, administrator, trustee, and student alike. One must hope they will be the subject of a more enlightened debate in the future than they have in the past. Nor should criticism of affirmative action be dismissed as pure liberal male chauvinist piggery; certainly the present glutted academic market gives it added force, and in a period of economic retrenchment and scarce jobs, sensitive and difficult issues are raised in the context of efforts to remedy discrimination and exclusion. But these concerns are and must remain technical problems, well within the power of the gathered intellect and ingenuity at any given institution to resolve--given the will to do so.
research paper on gay marriage
Ethical evaluation, regardless of its brand, cannot be uniform. The gay world is too heterogeneous. The ambivalent teen-ager is not the seasoned adult. The male homosexual is not the female. The bed hopper is not the faithful lover. The adjusted homosexual is not the unstable homosexual. The weekender with a home and family is not the exclusive gay person. The honest one-night stand is not the dishonest gay marriage. The one-timer at a convention is not the gay hustler. The homosexual Boy Scout leader is not the gay lawyer. Activity in a public toilet is not gay activity in a private home. Behavior is heterogeneous; ethics must speak to the variety.
essays on gay marriage
This labeling threatens extended intimacy at most turns. Male gay marriage is not the least affected. American attitudes render any closeness between males suspect. When two men live together for any period of time, hold hands in public, dance together, kiss, embrace, or even spend a great deal of time together, public conscience immediately accuses. How different it is for the female. If two men do marry, the relationship is not supported legally, religiously, or socially. Their relationship has no tax breaks, and public celebration of the marriage is not permitted--two supports for straight marriage.
against essay gay marriage
The Vedder-King study of lesbianism in the female prison also uncovered this nonpromiscuous tendency. The low rate of partner exchange documents this in the wider lesbianism community. Evidence suggests, finally, that cross-culturally men combine their sexual propensities with interest in a variety of sexual partners; women do not. 96 This is to say simply that transcultural responses with psychophysical foundations lead men toward easy promiscuity. Without the female counterweight, therefore, in the male gay marriage or in the bar subculture the male tendency is doubled. Instability is understandable. But male sexuality is not simply the product of relatively involuntary reactions.
against essay gay marriage persuasive
Others deny that so-called promiscuity is actually an important issue; what society does to the homosexual is the real problem. Still others assert that only a minority engage in promiscuous behavior. And these objections have some weight. Since the total gay world is not known, it is impossible to determine accurately the exact percentage of promiscuous men. Also, current research has not comprehensively tapped the world of the gay marriage, nor has it determined whether the male homosexual goes through stages, e.g., promiscuous while young but nonpromiscuous when older or when married. Finally, no one has compared the so-called gay overconcern for sex with the concern of the straight male.
against gay marriage essay
Furthermore, the partner in a gay marriage cannot participate in social activities in the straight world which are open to the wife of a heterosexual male. A businessman, for example, cannot take his young lover to a dinner given by his firm at the country club. Relations with one's family may become severely strained if the family finds out that one is living with another man. This is especially problematic if there is a discrepancy in the ages of the partners. Two men in their 20's may well get away with pretending they are simply roommates living in an apartment in the big city together in order to conserve funds.
against gay marriage essays
As a matter of fact, it is almost a corollary of the sexual promiscuity which characterizes gay life. For if homosexuals' sexual relationships are transitory, this means that the homosexual male has to be constantly on the lookout for new partners in order to find somebody to go to bed with. As George Bernard Shaw pointed out, "Marriage is the most licentious of institutions." In other words, an individual who is living with a sexual partner will have many more opportunities for sexual relations than one who has to go out into a public place and seek a new partner every time he wants to have sex.
argumentative essay gay marriage
The term "gay marriage" is one which is used in the homosexual world to describe paired relationships which last for a period of time. If one reflects upon this term, one can immediately see that there are hosts of powerful social forces which promote the stability of heterosexual marriages that are not present to encourage a similar stability between homosexual partners. Heterosexual marriages are institutionalized by church and state. Heterosexual couples fit into society in numerous ways, both obvious and subtle, in which homosexual couples cannot partake. It is simply not prudent for many men to become involved in a living relationship with each other, for this would immediately throw suspicion on their sexual orientation.
african famine research paper
Indonesia has still not granted permission to the International Red Cross or other relief agencies to enter East Timor, though it is willing to accept aid for the dispirited people who remind visitors of "victims of an African famine." But only on certain conditions: "Indonesia is looking for foreign aid for East Timor but the Foreign Minister, Professor Kusumaatmadja, who accompanied the party of visitors, indicated the donor countries must acknowledge Indonesia's sovereignty." Aid will be accepted, in short, as a device to obtain international recognition for Indonesia's aggression, so far withheld by most countries, though not by the United States, the chief accomplice.